Two Hobbits

In preparation for my upcoming course, I decided to watch the Hobbit movies. I did not intend to use them in my course, but I wanted to get a feel for them. The movies were enthralling and entertaining. No one would argue they represent the book. They are crazy different — like ice versus ice cream. The movies and the book have their own value. Still, I was gripped by how different the presentation of Bilbo was between the book and the movies. Bilbo was more heroic in the movies but less believable.

I should preface this by restating that the movies have a completely different feel. They are an adult fantasy with serious tone and dark shading. The true Hobbit was a children’s book that was twice more lighthearted than the movies. For example, the movies only contain one song at the very beginning. However, the book has many transcripts of songs by the dwarves, the elves, men, and even Bilbo himself, as well as mentions of singing and smoke rings throughout the tale. Since the movies are very grave and serious, many of the scene transformations are understandable.

Trolls

At the beginning of the book, Bilbo gets himself and the dwarves into a bad situation with the trolls. His first attempt to burglarize did not go well, to say the least. Gandalf returns silently. He tricks the trolls into arguing longer by throwing his voice around (c. 2, p. 38-9). However, in the first movie, it is Bilbo who detained the trolls and postponed their dwarf dinner. Gandalf even praises him for it as a way of defending his choice of Bilbo.

In that same chapter, Bilbo receives his sword (an elven dagger). The movie makes this scene very dramatic between Gandalf and Bilbo: “I can’t take this,” Bilbo said. “I have never used a sword in my life.” Gandalf replies, “I hope you never have to, but, if you do, remember this: true courage is about knowing not when to take a life but when to spare one.” However, the book merely relates, “Bilbo took a knife in a leather sheath. It would have made only a tiny pocket-knife for a troll, but it was as good as a short sword for the hobbit” (c. 2, p. 41).

Gollum

This sword scene becomes very significant later on, right when Bilbo is about to escape from Gollum. In the movie, Bilbo nearly slashes Gollum’s throat under the protection of the invisibility ring. He recalls the words of Gandalf and backs down. But, this all comes from the imagination of the screenplay writer.

The book scene reads as follows:

He must get away, out of this horrible darkness, while he had any strength left. He must fight. He must stab the foul thing, put its eyes out, kill it. It meant to kill him. No, not a fair fight. He was invisible now. Gollum had no sword. Gollum had not actually threatened to kill him, or tried to yet. And he was miserable, alone, lost. A sudden understanding, a pity mixed with horror, welled up in Bilbo’s heart… And then quite suddenly in another flash, as if lifted by a new strength and resolve, he leaped.

(c. 5, p. 81)

In the book, this tense decision takes place within Bilbo’s mind. He never lifts the sword. Also, it comes from a place of desperation and not from the power of the sword. Bilbo’s conflict is one of method and not so much morality. Though both scenes share the feeling of pity within Bilbo, the one from the movie puts Bilbo in this position of power — holding a life in his hand. The tone of the movie is darker. Whereas, the book celebrates survival, the movie praises victory above all — victory over the enemy or victory over your own rash desires.

Reunion

This difference is only solidified by what happens when Bilbo returns to the dwarves after the scene with Gollum. The dwarves viciously condemn Bilbo for wanting to go home while they think he has run away: “I’ll tell you what happened,” said Thorin. “Master Baggins saw his chance and he took it. He’s thought of nothing but his soft bed in his warm house since first he stepped out of his door. We will not be seeing our Hobbit again. He is long gone.” In reality, Bilbo was invisible and could hear them. He returns to the fold, announcing that he has returned in order to help Thorin reclaim his home, since did not have a warm house to return to. Once again, Bilbo is victorious over a knee-jerk reaction to run away (which happened before Gollum). This scene didn’t take place in the book. The reunion, in the book, was quieter and less dramatic; thus, it makes for a believable scene but far less Hollywood-esque.

Trees

In the book, when the dwarves, Gandalf, and Bilbo escape into the trees (chapter 6), there is no Azog. Bilbo has no chance to defend Thorin. Also, when they are in the forest, the dwarves help and encourage Bilbo to climb to see above the trees (chapter 8). Once again Bilbo is robbed of the Hollywood heroism of coming up with the idea and fulfilling an extremely helpful act all by himself. It seems Peter Jackson feels the “real” Bilbo does not have enough agency or heroism in the original book. I will not even mention how the dwarves, in the book, managed to get into the barrels on their own without their “circus master,” Bilbo, telling them to (c. 9, p. 166) … oh, I guess I just did.

Sick, Sleepy Hero

Heroes never get sick, right? Luckily for Hollywood, Jackson agrees. Not only does the movie lack rest, recovery, and lighthearted distractions, but Bilbo never even gets sick. In the book, he does (chapter 10).

The last film, about the battle, was entirely a figment of the screenwriter’s mind. In the book, Bilbo did not participate in the battle. There were no moments for him to risk his life and be a warrior.

Real War

Tolkien, who truly experienced war and hardship, understood that you cannot live in perfect tension all the time. The movies are nine hours of perfect tension and dark scenes. Who would want to live through the real-life version of that? While Tolkien was at war, he and his friends wrote poetry and stories. Men sang in the trenches. Tolkien himself became ill during the war, but still had to keep on fighting. The reality of war is far better expressed through lighthearted moments, sickness, and recovery than by constant heroism and strife. War and quests for revenge are about wanting to live and survive. If you die physically or spirtiually in the process, then what have you really gained? Jackson’s Bilbo completely lost this desire to live life in the movies.

Conclusion

In conclusion, I like Bilbo from the book. He is enough of a hero and warrior: he out-smarted Gollum, killed the spiders, faced the dragon, stole the Arkenstone, and survived. He was an unlikely hero that rose to the challenge. His transformation was a wonder to behold. He did not return as a king, but someone who appreciated his home and knew what he was made of! His love of life increased. All heroes must return to life after the adventure. Tolkien’s Bilbo is ready to do this, but Jackson’s Bilbo will only be able to brew on his victories and all the vanities that come with them.

Bibliography

The Hobbit by J.R.R. Tolkien
The Hobbit movie trilogy
Tolkien and the Great War: The Threshold of Middle-earth by John Garth

A Bad Beginning Can Lead to a Good End

Dear World Traveler,

I think it is interesting that you have traveled so much. Wow,

I have only been to Russia, where I was born, and America, where I live.

My itinerate dreams are sitting on the shelf beside my stack of books “to be read.”

Your story was amazing.

How did you make it to your flight with just two minutes to spare?

Your story reminded me of that scene in the Hobbit.

Bilbo is content that the dwarves have gone off without him.

Although peeved, he set to work cleaning the kitchen.

Right before his “second breakfast” is consumed, Gandalf comes in.

Now Bilbo learns that the dwarves are actually waiting for him at the Green Dragon Inn.

He runs off and meets them there. He forgets his “hat, a walking-stick or any money, or anything that he usually took when he went out,” most especially his pocket-handkerchief. Huffing and puffing he meets the dwarves.

They, on the other hand, are well prepared having already packed the ponies and made a plan.

Tolkien describes Bilbo’s initiation of the journey comically:
“To the end of his days Bilbo could never remember how he found himself outside, ….and running as fast as his furry feet could carry him down the lane, past the great Mill, across The Water, and then on for a mile or more. …
“I’m awfully sorry,” said Bilbo, “but I have come without my hat, and I have left my pocket-handkerchief behind, and I haven’t got any money. I didn’t get your note until after 10.45 to be precise.
“Don’t be precise,” said Dwalin, “and don’t worry! You will have to manage without pocket-handkerchiefs, and a good many other things, before you get to the journey’s end. As for a hat, I have got a spare hood and cloak in my luggage.”
That’s how they all came to start, jogging off from the inn one fine morning just before May, on laden ponies; and Bilbo was wearing a dark-green hood (a little weather-stained) and a dark-green cloak borrowed from Dwalin. They were too large for him, and he looked rather comic. What his father Bungo would have thought of him, I daren’t think. His only comfort was he couldn’t be mistaken for a dwarf, as he had no beard.”

(chapter 2)

Why did Tolkien write it this way?

I believe he did so to make a sharp contrast between Bilbo and the dwarves.

Bilbo is disorganized, unprepared, and reluctant; whereas, the dwarves have a clear mission, plan, having prepared everything already.

We are meant to see the contrast with a bit of humor but also sympathy for Bilbo. Click To Tweet

We are meant to see the contrast with a bit of humor but also sympathy for Bilbo, as one of my students pointed out.

I would argue there is another contrast being prepared for the reader.

Tolkien contrasts this comic scene of Bilbo being unprepared with Bilbo at the end, someone who is self-confident and changed into a real hero. Click To Tweet

Tolkien contrasts this comic scene of Bilbo being unprepared with Bilbo at the end, someone who is self-confident and changed into a real hero.

As Gandalf says: “Something is the matter with you! You are not the hobbit that you were” (chapter 12).

He even ends up with a red silk handkerchief, far better than the ones he originally owned.

All of this leads me to say that you should be glad of the inauspicious start of your journey.

It very well could lead to a wonderful end…or, at least, a funny story. 😉

All of this leads me to say that you should be glad of the inauspicious start of your journey. It very well could lead to a wonderful end…or, at least, a funny story. 😉 Click To Tweet

Sincerely,

Maria

Conference, Pedagogy, and Being Busy

Dear Ben,

I know I have not written recently.

Some exciting opportunities have come my way.

I have been off chasing them.

I hope you are doing well. How did that boat trip go in April?

I just love boats and the water.

I could not think about you without a tinge of covetousness.

Let me go ahead and tell you what has been filling my time and thoughts recently.

International Congress on Medieval Studies

Academia is about taking the raw materials of facts and data and turning them into the brilliant sculpture of argument and conviction. Click To Tweet

I went to a conference in Medieval Studies!

My background is in Early Christian literature, as you know.

I went on behalf of the publisher I work for.

Conferences are such a marvelous environment.

Being surrounded by learning ad scholars is empowering and inspirational.

I love to cut deep into topics while respecting their general value.

All learning needs the safe environment of the conference to try out new ideas and say “unpublishable” things.

Academia is not just learning, but speaking.

It is about taking the raw materials of facts and data and turning them into the brilliant sculpture of argument and conviction.

I really felt that I re-found my voice while I was there.

I also got some interesting books.

  1. Commentary on the Psalms by Jerome (Latin)
  2. Life of Saint Alexis (Old French)
  3. A Roman Women Reader (Latin)
  4. Life of Simeon Stylites
  5. Early Christian Hagiography
  6. Giving Reason
  7. A Rulebook for Arguments
  8. The Annotated Hobbit

Pedagogy of Going Deep

When he comes to me with his questions and concerns, the knowledge he acquires from my feedback will be twice as valuable and connect with him. Click To Tweet

I am going to be teaching a few courses this summer! I am so excited and cannot wait to tell you more about it!

Right now, however, I am in a course for teachers.

This has really gotten me thinking about how to teach.

Going deep is so vital, especially to avoid boredom or shallow knowledge.

I believe the best way to create depth is by making the topic the student’s own.

In a class, you learn about a topic and you get the general overview.

Then comes the magic.

Now the student can work within that new enlarged world of knowledge.

He can discover new things and use new pieces of knowledge within this world.

For example, if I were to teach about the rise of sensibility in the 18th century, I would then offer my students the opportunity to write in the style or show me how to enliven an existing texts with the hallmark tropes of sensibility.

The student is now using the knowledge he just acquired.

In so doing, he will come up with questions and problems.

When he comes to me with his questions and concerns, the knowledge he acquires from my feedback will be twice as valuable and connect with him.

I would rather go deep through questions and problems than just by me talking more.

“I’m busy”

In reading and absorbing myself in historical literature, I have remembered that life did not always run at hypersonic speed. Click To Tweet

So may people have noticed that this seems to be the busiest generation that has ever been.

Hustling and rushing is the norm.

Working for hours on end is expected.

In reading and absorbing myself in historical literature, I have remembered that life did not always run at hypersonic speed.

A desire to regain the peace and quality of this “simpler” life welled up in me.

I am going about this from two perspectives.

1) The sound of silence. A few weeks ago I did a “Dana Girls Week.”

I stopped watching TV, though I allowed myself “radio” in the form of podcasts.

Neil Gaiman gave a great nugget of advice in his Tim Ferriss interview: “write or do nothing.”

This is how my week went.

I wrote or did nothing.

I could hear myself think and found myself less pressured to perform.

Since then I have greatly reduced time on Youtube and have regained much of the peace gained from the experience.

2) Instead of just saying “I’m busy,” I try to define exactly what I am doing.

When I put into words what I am doing, it gives me perspective.

Maybe I am not as busy as I think, or maybe my list is too long and I need to cut down.

Either way it gives me something profitable to say instead of just “busy,” like that is an achievement in and of itself.

I have only scratched the surface.

I do hope to renew our regular conversations as to not let too much time elapse again.

Thank you,

Maria